★Peking University: An OverviewPeking University is a comprehensive and National key university. The campus, known as "Yan Yuan"-- the gardens of Yan, is situated at thenortheast of the Haidian District at the western suburbs of Beijing. It stands near the Yuan Ming Gardens and the Summer Palace.The University consists of 30 colleges and 12 departments, with 93 specialties for undergraduates,2 specialties for the second Bachelor's degree, 199 specialties for Master candidates and 173 specialties for Doctoral candidates. While still laying stress on basic sciences, the university has paid special attention to the development of appliedsciences.At present,Pekinguniversity has 216 research institutes and research centres, and there are 2 national engineering research centres, 81 key national disciplines, 12 national key laboratories.The university has made an effective combination of the research on important scientificissues with the training of personnel with high level specialized knowledge and professional skill as demanded by the country's socialist modernization. It strives not only for thesimultaneous improvements in teaching and research work, but also for the promotion ofinteraction and mutual promotion among various subjects.Thus Peking University has become a center for teaching and research and a university of the new type,consistingof diverse branches of learning such as pure and applied sciences, social sciences and thehumanities, and sciences of management and education. Its aim is to rank among the world'sbest universities at the beginning of the next century.★History of Peking UniversityPeking University, the former Jing Shi Da Xue Tang(the Metropolitan University) ofthe Qing Dynasty, opened in December 1898. The Metropolitan University was then not only the most prestigious institution of higher learning but also the highest administrative organization of education in China. In May 1912, the Metropolitan University was renamed "Peking University". In 1917, its presidency was taken up by Mr.Cai Yuanpei, an outstanding scientist, educationist and democratic revolutionary, who played an active role in the reform and development of the university. By 1919, the university developed into the country's largest institution of higher learning, with 14 departments and an enrollment of more than 2,000 students.Peking University has a glorious revolutionary tradition. In 1919, the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal May 4th Movement was initiated from the university, which had been the centre of the Chinese New-Culture Movement and the earliest base for the dissemination of Marxism in China. Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao and Mao Zedong, founders of the Chinese communist Party, as well as Lu Xun, a great writer, thinker and chief leader of the Chinese New-Culture Movement, all either taught or held offices in theuniversity. In order to carry on the revolutionary tradition of the May 4th Movement, the university decided, after the new China was founded, that the 4th of May be set as the date on which to celebrate the anniversary of the founding of the university.During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Peking Universitymoved to Kunming, a city in Yunnan Province, together with Tsinghua University and Nankai University, formed the National Southwestern Associated University. In 1946, after the victory of the war, Peking University moved back to Beiping (then the name of Beijing). At that time, the university comprised six schools (Arts, Science, Law, Medicine, Engineering and Agriculture), and a research institute for the humanities. The total enrollment of student grew to 3,000 countries.After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the government carried out, in 1952, anationwide readjustment of colleges and universities with the aim to promote higher education and quicken the training of personnel with specialized knowledge and skill by poolifdng the country's manpower and material resourses. After the readjustment, PekingUniversity became a university comprising departments of both liberal Arts and Sciences and emphasizing the teaching and research of basic sciences. By 1962, the total enrollment grew to 10,671 undergraduate students and 280 graduate students. Since 1949, Peking University has trainedfor the country 73,000 undergraduates and specialty students, 10,000 postgraduates and 20,000 adult-education students, and many of them have become the backbones on all fronts in China.

Peking University (Traditional Chinese: 北京大学; Simplified Chinese: 北京大学; Pinyin: Běijīng Dàxué), colloquially known in Chinese as Beida (北大, Běidà), was established in 1898. It is regarded as one of the best and the most selective universities in China. Peking University is the first formally established university, and the first national university of China. The university policy has mandated the use of Peking University in English rather than Beijing University[citation needed] due to tradition and the desire to avoid confusion with Beijing Normal University and other similarly named institutions.HistoryPeking University was established in Beijing in December 1898 during the Hundred Days Reform and was originally known as the Imperial University of Peking (Traditional Chinese: 京师大学堂; Simplified Chinese: 京师大学堂; Pinyin: jīng shī dà xué táng). In 1912, following the Xinhai Revolution, the Imperial University of Peking was renamed the National Peking University (国立北京大学). The famous scholar Cai Yuanpei was appointed president on January 4, 1917 and helped transform the university into the country's largest institution of higher learning, with 14 departments and an enrollment of more than 2,000 students. Cai, inspired by the German model of academic freedom, recruited an intellectually diverse faculty that included Hu Shih, Chen Duxiu, and Lu Xun. In 1919 students of Peking University formed the bulk of the protesters of the May Fourth Movement. Efforts by the Beiyang government to end to protests by sealing off the Peking University campus led to Cai's resignation. In 1920 Peking University became the second Chinese university to accept female students, after Nanjing University.After the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937 (and the resulting expansion of Japanese territorial control in east China), Peking University moved to Changsha and formed the Changsha Temporary University along with Tsinghua University and Nankai University. In 1938, the three schools moved again, this time to Kunming, and formed the National Southwestern United University. In 1946, after World War II, Peking University moved back to Beijing. At that time, the university comprised six schools (Arts, Science, Law, Medicine, Engineering, and Agriculture), and a research institute for humanities. The total student enrollment grew up to 3,000.After the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, Yenching University was merged into Peking University and Peking University lost its "national" appellation to reflect the fact that all universities under the new socialist state would be public. In 1952 Peking University moved from downtown Beijing to the former Yenching campus.In 2000, Beijing Medical University was merged into Peking University and became the Peking University Health Science Campus[edit] PresentThe Times World University Rankings in 2006 rated Peking University as the best university in Asia, and ranked 14th in the world, whilst the THES - QS World University Rankings also ranked the university 14th in the world.The entrance criterion of Peking University is extremely selective. Every year only the top students of each province across China can be admitted, which makes Peking University one of the most prestigious places for students all over China.Peking University is a comprehensive and national key university. The University consists of 30 colleges and 12 departments, with 93 specialties for undergraduates, 2 specialties for the second Bachelor's degree, 199 specialties for Master's degree candidates and 173 specialties for Doctoral candidates. While in a leading postion of basic sciences research and teaching, the university has gained itself very successful development of applied sciences.At present, Peking university has 216 research institutions and research centres, including 2 national engineering research centres, 81 key national disciplines, 12 national key laboratories. With eight million holdings, the university library is the largest of its kind in Asia.The West GateThe university has made an effort to combine the research on fundamental scientific issues with the training of personnel with high level specialized knowledge and professional skill as demanded by the country's modernization. It strives not only for the simultaneous improvements in teaching and research work, but also for the promotion of interaction and mutual promotion among various subjects.Teaching also has been emphasized. It aims to cultivate the students' practical ability and creative power. As a result, the teaching of core courses is strengthened, the content of courses is enriched and renewed and favourable conditions have been created, for the students to develop themselves in extracurricular activities.Peking University has been becoming a center for teaching and research, consisting of diverse branches of learning such as pure and applied sciences, social sciences and the humanities, and sciences of management and education. Its aim is to rank among the world's best universities in the next couple of decades, with the school's leadership placing great emphasis on developing bilateral relationships with prominent American universities for student and faculty exchanges.CampusThe campus of Peking University is located in northwest Beijing, in the Haidian district which was designated for universities.It is located on the former site of Qing Dynasty royal gardens and retains Chinese-style landscaping as well as many traditional buildings. It is known throughout China, along with its neighbour Tsinghua University, for having one of the most beautiful campuses.Beyond Peking University's main campus, Peking University Health Science Center (PKUHSC)'s campus is located in Xue Yuan Rd. where China's most distinguished colleges are located. PKUHSC's campus is less aesthetically appeasing but is nonetheless a fitting site for academics and researchInternational studentsPeking University has one of the largest pools of international students in China. The dorms for international students are located at "Shao Yuan" (Shao Garden). Every year, Peking University has approximately 2000 international students on campus. Approximately 40% of the international students are Korean and the remaining 60% are made up of students from most countries in the world including most of Western Europe, North America, South America, all parts of Asia, Australia as well as many parts of Africa.[citation needed] The university is a member of Universitas 21, an international association of research-led universities.

Peking University (hereinafter referred to as "Peking University") is directly under the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China and directly administered by the central government at the Deputy ministerial level.

It ranks as "211 Project", "985 Project", "World-class University and First-class Discipline". It has been selected as "Experimental Plan for Training Top Students in Basic Disciplines" and "Innovative Ability of Colleges and Universities".

The "Promotion Plan" and "Intelligence Introduction Plan for Discipline Innovation of Higher Education Institutions" are for the Nine-University Alliance, the Association of Chinese University Presidents,

the Beijing-Hong Kong University Alliance, the Asian University Alliance, the Association of East Asian Research Universities, the International Research University Alliance, the Pacific Rim University Alliance,

the Four East Asian University Forums, the International Public University Forum, China and Russia. Member of the Consortium of Comprehensive Universities.

Peking University was founded in 1898 at the time of the Reform and Reform. Its first name was Beijing Normal University Hall. It was the first national comprehensive university in modern China.

It was also the highest educational administrative organ in the country at the beginning of its establishment. In 1912, it was changed to National Peking University. In 1937, it moved to Changsha in the south,

and formed the National Changsha Provisional University with the National Tsinghua University and the Private Nankai University. In 1938, it moved to Kunming and changed its name to the National Southwest United University.

Demobilization returned to Peiping in 1946. In 1952, after the adjustment of colleges and departments in Colleges and universities throughout the country, it became a comprehensive university mainly focusing on basic subjects of Arts and sciences,

and moved to its present site from the beaches in Beijing. In 2000, it was merged with the former Beijing Medical University to form a new Peking University.

Peking University is the center of the New Culture Movement and the origin of the May 4th Movement. It was the earliest to disseminate Marxist and scientific and democratic ideas in China and is one of the important bases for the establishment of the 。

Communist Party of China. For a long time, Peking University has always shared the destiny of China and the Chinese people, advancing with the times and society.

It is the cradle of cultivating and bringing up high-quality creative talents. As Mr. Cai Yuanpei said, "College students, including grand ceremonies, attract schools of learning from all walks of life...

This is the general principle of freedom of thought, and the reason why universities are big.

中文释义：

北京大学（Peking University），简称“北大”，由中华人民共和国教育部直属，中央直管副部级建制，位列“211工程”、“985工程”、“世界一流大学和一流学科”，入选“基础学科拔尖学生培养试验计划”、“高等学校创新能力提升计划”、“高等学校学科创新引智计划”。

为九校联盟、中国大学校长联谊会、京港大学联盟、亚洲大学联盟、东亚研究型大学协会、国际研究型大学联盟、环太平洋大学联盟、东亚四大学论坛、国际公立大学论坛、中俄综合性大学联盟成员。

北京大学创立于1898年维新变法之际，初名京师大学堂，是中国近现代第一所国立综合性大学，创办之初也是国家最高教育行政机关。1912年改为国立北京大学。1937年南迁至长沙，与国立清华大学和私立南开大学组成国立长沙临时大学，1938年迁至昆明，更名为国立西南联合大学。

1946年复员返回北平。1952年经全国高校院系调整，成为以文理基础学科为主的综合性大学，并自北京城内沙滩等地迁至现址。2000年与原北京医科大学合并，组建为新的北京大学。

北京大学是新文化运动的中心和五四运动的策源地，最早在中国传播马克思主义和科学、民主思想，是创建中国***的重要基地之一。

长期以来，北京大学始终与中国和中国人民共命运，与时代和社会同前进，是培养和造就高素质创造性人才的摇篮，恰如蔡元培先生所言：“大学者，囊括大典，网罗众家之学府也……此思想自由之通则，而大学之所以为大也。”

截至2017年12月，北大拥有教职工（不包含博士后）21183人；专任教师数7317人，其中，按职称划分：正高级2217人，副高级2231人；

其中：中国科学院院士76人，中国工程院院士19人，发展中国家科学院院士25人，哲学社会科学资深教授13人，“千人计划”入选者72人，“青年千人计划”入选者153人，“万人计划”入选者28人，“青年拔尖人才计划”入选者35人“。

长江学者奖励计划”特聘教授、讲座教授、青年学者231人，国家杰出青年基金获得者237人，国家基金委创新群体40个，国家基金委优秀青年基金获得者130人，***教学名师17人，博士生导师2474人，科研机构人员1161人，附属医院教职工10131人。

参考资料来源：百度百科-北京大学